Personal Digital Assistant
Personal digital assistants (PDAs or palmtops) are handheld devices that were originally designed as personal organizers, but became much more versatile over the years. A basic PDA usually includes date book, address book, task list, memo pad, clock, and calculator software. Many PDAs can now access the Internet via Wi-Fi, cellular or Wide-Area Networks (WANs) or Bluetooth technology. One major advantage of using PDAs is their ability to synchronize data with a PC or home computer.The term "personal digital assistant" was coined on January 7, 1992 by John Sculley at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada, referring to the Apple Newton. Earlier devices like the Psion and Sharp Wizard have the functionality to be considered PDAs, however. In fact, PDAs by other names were available as early as the mid-1970s.The reason usually cited for the resumption in PDA market growth (after market declines in 2002 - 2004) is the growing interest in PDAs offering wireless email capabilities (such as BlackBerries), and PDAs with built-in GPS capabilities for navigation. Smartphones — mobile phones with PDA-like abilities will likely curtail PDA growth in the near future, as smartphones are becoming very popular.

Mobile Phone
A mobile phone, also known as a cellular, cell, mobile, or hand phone, is an electronic telecommunications device with the same basic capability as a conventional fixed line telephone, but which is also entirely portable and is not required to be connected with a wire to the telephone network. Most current mobile phones connect instead to the network using a wireless radio wave transmission technology. The mobile phone communicates via a network of base stations which are in turn linked to the conventional telephone network.In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, a mobile phone can support many additional services such as SMS for text messaging, packet switching for access to the Internet and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video.Some of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers include Alcatel, Audiovox, Fujitsu, Kyocera (formerly the handset division of Qualcomm), LG, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Panasonic (Matsushita Electric), Philips, Sagem, Samsung, Sanyo, Sharp, Siemens, SK Teletech, Sony Ericsson, and Toshiba.There are also specialist communication systems related to, but distinct from mobile phones, such as satellite phones and Professional Mobile Radio. Mobile phones are also distinct from cordless telephones, which generally operate only within a limited range of a specific base station.Mobile phones are often packed with features that offer users far more than just the capability to send text messages and make voice calls. These may include internet browsing, music (MP3) playback, personal organisers, email, watch/alarm, built-in cameras, ringtones, security measures (e.g. pin codes), SIM blocks, games, radio, Push to talk, infrared and bluetooth connectivity, and call registers.Mobile phones and the network they operate under vary significantly from provider to provider, and even from nation to nation. However, all of them communicate through electromagnetic radio waves with a base station (which is a special radio mast or tower designed for the purpose). The phones have a low power transceiver that is typically designed to transmit voice and data up to a few kilometers to where the tower is located. The handset constantly listens for the nearest tower with the strongest signal. Once found, the handset informs that tower of its own unique identifier, and alerts the mobile phone network that it is ready and standing-by to receive telephone calls. This cycle is then repeated as the phone roams around the network and new towers appear in the handset's range.

Handheld game console
A handheld game console is a lightweight, portable, electronic device for playing video games. Unlike video game consoles, however, the controls, screen and speakers are all part of a single unit. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, several companies including Coleco and Milton-Bradley made lightweight table-top or handheld electronic game devices. Today, these machines aren't considered strictly consoles, since they often would only play a single game. The first true handheld game console with interchangeable cartridges was the Milton Bradley Microvision in 1979. Nintendo has dominated the handheld market since the release of the Game Boy in 1989, and is often credited as popularizing the handheld console concept.The first handheld game console to use interchangeable game cartridges was the Microvision, designed by Smith Engineering, and distributed and sold by Milton-Bradley in 1979. A small screen, a small selection of games (only thirteen) led to its demise only two years later. Today, working Microvisions are quite rare. The keypad could be easily damaged and the LCD technology of the late 1970s was poor, leading to liquid crystal leaking and darkening. In 1984, Japanese company Epoch released their Game Pocket Computer. Despite decent reviews, the system failed.

Smartphone
A smartphone is any electronic handheld device that integrates the functionality of a mobile phone, personal digital assistant or other information appliance. This is often achieved by adding telephone functions to an existing PDA or putting "smart" capabilities, such as PDA functions, into a mobile phone.The key feature of a smartphone is that one can install additional applications to the device. The applications can be developed by the manufacturer of the handheld device, by the operator or by any other third-party software developer.The first smartphone was called Simon designed by IBM in 1992 and shown as a concept product at COMDEX. It was released to the public in 1993 and sold by BellSouth. Besides a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail, and games. Customers could also use a stylus to write directly on its screen to create facsimiles and memos.As of 2004 smartphones are an increasingly large part of the mobile phone market. According to analyst house Canalys smart phone shipments increased over 100% from 2004Q2 to 2005Q2, with over twelve million devices shipped in the latter period[1]. In a couple years, it is likely that most phones sold will be considered "smart", except for disposable phones.

Most common operating systems are Symbian (developed by a group of renowned mobile phone solution providers), Palm OS (developed by PalmSource), Windows Mobile (formerly known as Windows CE, and developed by Microsoft), BREW (technically a platform developed by Qualcomm), and Linux.

Pocket PC
A Pocket PC, abbreviated P/PC or PPC, is a handheld-sized computer that runs a specific version of the Windows CE operating system. It has many capabilities of modern desktop PCs. Currently there are thousands of applications for Pocket PC, many of which are Freeware. Some of these devices, running Microsoft Windows Mobile 2003 Phone Edition, also include mobile phone features. Pocket PCs can also be used with many other add-ons like GPS receivers, barcode readers, and cameras.According to Microsoft, the Pocket PC is "a handheld device that enables users to store and retrieve e-mail, contacts, appointments, play multimedia files, games, exchange text messages with MSN Messenger, browse the Web, and more.Pocket PCs running previous versions of the operating system generally stored user-installed applications and data in RAM, which meant that if the battery was depleted the device would lose all of its data. Windows Mobile 5.0 solves this problem by storing all user data in the ROM, leaving the RAM to be used only for running applications, as it would be on a desktop computer. As a result, Windows Mobile 5.0 Pocket PCs generally have a greater amount of flash ROM, and a smaller amount of RAM, compared to earlier devices.

Handheld PC
A Handheld PC, or H/PC for short, is a Microsoft term for a computer built around a form factor which is smaller than any standard notebook PC or laptop. A true Handheld PC runs on a Platform Release of the Microsoft Windows CE operating system, with the term also covering Windows CE devices released by the broader commercial market.The Handheld PC was the original hardware design for consumer PDA devices running Windows CE. It allows one to organize one's life on the move. Billed by Microsoft as a "PC Companion device," the Handheld PC provides familiar applications from the PC in a mobile format with all the convenience and portability of a PDA. Originally announced in 1996, the Handheld PC is distinctive from its more recent counterparts such as the Palm-Size PC, Pocket PC, or SmartPhone in that the specification provides for larger screen sizes as well as a keyboard.

Handheld Devices
(also known as handhelds) are pocket-sized computing devices that are rapidly gaining popularity as the access to information in every walk of life becomes more and more mission critical. Along with mobile computing devices such as laptops and smartphones, PDAs represent the new frontier of computing as desktop comffputers find less and less favour among every day users.

BlackBerry PDA
The BlackBerry is a wireless handheld device which supports e-mail, mobile telephone, text messaging, web browsing and other wireless information services. It is provided by Research In Motion through cellular telephone companies. It made headway in the marketplace by first concentrating on email. Research In Motion is currently involved in a patent dispute.The devices are manufactured by the Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) and are resold by cellular phone companies throughout the world. They fit in the palm of the hand and are operated using a trackwheel and buttons. The original BlackBerry device had a monochrome display, but the newer models are color.Modern BlackBerry handhelds incorporate an ARM 7 or 9 processor, however older BlackBerry 950 and 957 handhelds used Intel 80386 processors. They recently announced that new devices will have the Intel XScale PXA9xx cellular processor, code named "Hermon".Third-party developers can write software using these APIs, and proprietary BlackBerry APIs as well, but any application that makes use of certain restricted functionality must be digitally signed so that it can be associated to a developer account at RIM. This signing procedure guarantees the authorship of an application, but does not guarantee the quality or security of the code.

Sony Ericsson P910
The Sony Ericsson P910 is the Sony Ericsson P900 smartphone's successor. The P910 has a full QWERTY keyboard on the back of the flip (The flip can also be removed completely, allowing for a 'traditional' PDA form-factor. The biggest change from the P900 to the P910 is that the P910 now supports Memory Stick Pro Duo (up to 1GB) and the phone's internal memory has been upped from 16MB to 64MB. Although Memory Stick Pro Duo comes in larger capacities, the maximum supported by the P910 is 1GB owing to performance lags. It is powered by an ARM9 processor clocked at 156MHz and runs the popular Symbian OS with the UIQ graphical user interface. Also, the touchscreen displays 262,000 colours (an 18-bit colour depth) , as opposed to the P900's 65,000 (16-bit). It comes in three flavors: P910i (GSM 900/1800/1900),P910c (GSM 900/1800/1900 for China mainland),and P910a (GSM 850/1800/1900 for North America and Latin America).One of the key aspects of the P910 is its ability to input text via several methods; multi-tap and T9 text input using the numerical keypad, hand-writing recognition with the pre-installed Jot-Pro software and touchscreen, virtual keyboard on screen and the new QWERTY keyboard on the inside of the flip.Other enhancements over the P900 include support for HTML browsing, a new numerical keypad with larger keys and a slightly changed outer casing.Its closest competitors are the palmOne Treo 650, and the Nokia 9500 Communicator.Other competitors include several PDA-phones powered by Windows and manufactured by Taiwan-based HTC.

Sony Ericsson P800
The Sony Ericsson P800 is a Symbian OS v7.0 based smartphone from Sony Ericsson. P800 is kinda the successor of the Ericsson R380 but it was designed and produced after Sony & Ericsson united together.The P800 uses the UIQ (version 2.0) user interface and has a touch screen much like a PDA. It is powered by an ARM9 processor clocked at 156MHz, which was also used for the later models P900 & P910. It came with a 16MB Memory Stick Duo but supports up to 128MB. Also, the touchscreen displays 4,096 colours (an 12-bit colour depth)

Sony Ericsson P900
The Sony Ericsson P900 is a Symbian OS v7.0 based smartphone from Sony Ericsson.It is the successor of the Sony Ericsson P800, and like the P800 uses the UIQ user interface.Like other Symbian-based smartphones, the P900 is an open phone, which means that it is possible to develop and install third party applications without restrictions. A Symbian C++ SDK is freely available from the Sony Ericsson developer website. Additionally, the P900 supports applications written in Java.Because of this openness, a great number of third-party applications exists that can be used on the P900 and other UIQ phones (such as the Motorola A1000 and BenQ P30). Many are shareware and freeware and can be downloaded from various websites such as Handango and My-Symbian.As the P900 uses UIQ version 2.1 it is backwards compatible with UIQ 2.0 as found in the P800. Applications made for the P800 will normally work on a P900 as well. It still has the ARM9 processor clocked at 156MHz as for the P800 & P910i.The P900 can be used without the flip as well, acting more like a PDA, but still usable as a phone. P900 supports Memory Stick Duo up to 128MB as for the P800.An updated version of the P900, Sony Ericsson P910i was released in July 2004. It features a small QWERTY keyboard, a little enhanced software, but had a higher use of battery, and today sold with 64MB instead of 32MB memory. P910i can carry a memorystick duo (pro), which can be up to 1GB.

Sony Ericsson P990
Sony Ericsson P990 is a smartphone and the successor of Sony Ericsson P910. It is scheduled to be released in Q1 2006. P990 will have a full keyboard below the display, on the phone itself. This is a change from P910 where the keyboard is on the flip. The phone is a UMTS (3G) phone supporting video calls through its front VGA camera. The touchscreen displays 262,000 colours (18-bit colour depth) with a resolution of 240x320 pixels. The operating system is Symbian OS 9.1 with UIQ. It also comes with a 2.0 Megapixel back camera using autofocus and a FM radio (RDS). P990 is running a version of an ARM9 208MHz processor from Philips.

Nokia 3230
The Nokia 3230 is a Symbian Series 60 smartphone announced on November 2, 2004. It was billed as the first Series 60 phone aimed at the mass-market rather than the higher-end Series 60 devices.It runs on Series 60 2nd Edition Feature Pack 1 (Version 2.1), based on Symbian OS 7.0s. It features several games (including multiplayer Bluetooth games), a 1.3 megapixel camera, Lifeblog, a 32 MB RS-MMC to store extra images and applications, Push to Talk, a 176×208 pixel 65,536-colour screen, multimedia messaging, and a RealPlayer.The Nokia 3230 is one of the first with Push to talk, a walkie-talkie style method of communicating, and also Visual Radio, which enhances a normal radio receiver with extra info about artists and songs delivered over GPRS.For data transfer, the phone can use EDGE to upload up to 35.2 kbit/s and download up to 178.6 kbit/s, and is a GPRS multislot class 10, up to 80 kbit/s.

Nokia 3650
The Nokia 3650 was the first Symbian Series 60 smartphone to appear in American markets. It operated on the GSM 900/1800/1900 bands. It featured a built in VGA camera and a 12-bit color screen. U.S. carriers included AT&T Wireless and T-Mobile USA.The GSM 850/1900 variant is the Nokia 3600.One of the common complaints of the 3650 was its circular keypad. Many owners wanted a Series 60 device with a conventional keypad.The Nokia 3650 has now been replaced by the Nokia 3620 (GSM 850/1900) and the Nokia 3660 (GSM 900/1800/1900), both of which feature a conventional keypad and an improved 16-bit color display.

Nokia 3620 / 3660
The Nokia 3620 and 3660 are successors of the Nokia 3650 smartphone. Both run on Nokia Series 60 version 1.x (and the Symbian operating system). Improvements over the 3650 include a conventional keypad (as opposed to the 3650's much-hated circular keypad), and a 16-bit display (as opposed to the 3650's 12-bit display). Both are basically the same phone, except that the Nokia 3620 operates on GSM 850/1900, while the Nokia 3660 operates on GSM 900/1800/1900.Both of them use an ARM compatible main CPU (ARM4T architecture) running at 104 MHz.The series 60 platform is one of widest-selling today. It is licensed by majors like Nokia, Siemens, Samsung, Panasonic and Sendo.

Nokia 6260
The Nokia 6260 is Nokia's first clamshell "smartphone". It uses the Series 60 user-interface and the Symbian operating system. The screen rotates on two axes allowing different modes of usage of both the camera and the phone itself, making it unique to other smartphones released along with the Nokia 6260. Other unique features are a built in radio and "hotplug" allowing the memory card to be removed without switching the phone off.The Nokia 6260 was specified to play MP3s however the quality is poor (mono sound and no bass). Interestingly, this is not to be confused with the radio quality as this uses a different chip to process the audio.The phone features industry-standard Bluetooth and IrDA connectivity, along with Nokia's proprietary 'Pop-port' for USB and audio connections. The camera is only VGA resolution (640x480) but has reasonably good colour reproduction. The memory card slot can accept a RS-MMC card.

Nokia 6600
The Nokia 6600 is one of Nokia's smartphones that runs on the Symbian OS-based Nokia Series 60 platform.It has an ARM compatible (ARM4T architecture) main CPU running at 104 MHz. The handset also has 10MB of RAM builtin and supports multimedia (MMC) cards for expansion. It has buil in camera with 640x480 pixel 2x zoom, 64 k Color TFT display. 130 grams weightThe Nokia 6620 is a slightly updated North American version of the 6600.The Nokia 6600 is the smartphone used in the movie Cellular (2004), in which Chris Evans's character demonstrated full use of this smartphone product. Perhaps it was a product placement.

Nokia 6620
The 6620 is a smartphone created by Nokia, which uses the Series 60 user-interface and the Symbian operating system.
It is a version of Nokia's 6600 smartphone for the North American market, featuring all the features of the 6600 such as the VGA camera, Multi Media Card slot, Bluetooth and color screen, but with a change to the North American GSM frequencies, the doubling of internal RAM, the addition of Nokia's new Pop-Port connector, and a new Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) capability, effectively giving it double the download speeds of current General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) equipped phones.This phone is available from some US and Canadian cellphone operators and usually comes packaged with the charger, a battery, a 32megs MMC card and a USB cable.

Nokia 6630
The Nokia 6630 is a smartphone using the Series 60 platform with the Symbian operating system, released in November 2004. It is an evolution of the 6600 and 6620 smartphones, supporting tri-band GSM (900, 1800, 1900 MHz) and W-CDMA (2100 MHz) mobile networks (Nokia's third W-CDMA phone after the prototype Nokia 6650 and the test type Nokia 7600). It also supports EDGE packet data connections.The Nokia 6630 is the first phone ever that allows truly global roaming; previously GSM phones have had near-global coverage except in Japan where 2G phone standards were different. The 6630 automatically uses the W-CDMA network in Japan. 6650 and 7600 were also able to function in Japan, but they did not support GSM1900, often needed in the United States. (the Nokia 6651 has the GSM 1900.)Pre-installed software includes an e-mail client, a rudimentary web browser and Microsoft Office file viewer. It also includes support for MP3 and AAC playback at full quality (44.1 kHz, 16 bits, stereo), and the retail package includes stereo headphones with hands-free functionality.As opposed to the 6600 and 6620's VGA resolution digital camera (640×480), the 6630 has a 1.3-megapixel camera (1280×960). It can record video clips at the resolution of 176×144, using H.263 video compression. Like the 6600 and 6620, the 6630 has Bluetooth capabilities and has a 176×208 pixel 65,000-color TFT LCD. It comes with a hotswappable DV-RS-MMC card, capacity 32 or 64 MB depending on the region where the phone is sold. It is noteworthy that normal RS-MMC cards do not work with the 6630, it requires new dual-voltage (1.8 V and 3.0 V) RS-MMC cards.The main CPU in this smartphone is an ARM compatible chip (ARM5 architecture) running at 220 MHz, an unprecedented speed for a smartphone at its release. For comparison, the 6600 and N-Gage only run at 104 MHz.It weighs 127 grams and measures at 110 mm × 60 mm × 21 mm.During its development, the 6630 was nicknamed Charlie.Its successor is the Nokia 6680.

Nokia 6670
The Nokia 6670 is a 2004 smartphone from Nokia. Based on the Series 60 platform, the phone is a tri-band business version of the consumer Nokia 7610, and features a 1 megapixel digital camera, 72MB of storage, and a 176x208 screen. Software includes viewers for Microsoft Word, Excel, Powerpoint and PDF files, a full HTML compatible web browser, and a GPS-like application that generates positioning information from the GSM cell data.

Nokia 6680
Three closely related handsets running the Symbian Series 60 operating system, the Nokia 6680, 6681 and 6682 feature Bluetooth, a 1.3 megapixel camera, removable memory on hot swappable Dual Voltage Reduced Size MMC (DV-RS-MMC) cards, stereo audio playback and a large 176